AI-created Video vs Human-made Video

Researchers recently tested how audiences liked three types of video: human-made, partly automated and fully automated video. The human-made video did best with audiences, but only slightly better than the partly AI video. Both did much better than the fully AI-made video. The researchers think this supports the use of the hybrid form over fully automated since "audiences like their videos to have a human touch." A key part of making this work, I believe, will be identifying what the audience perceives as indicating a piece of media is AI or human-made. For instance, the researchers note that the audience associated nat sound with video that was (at least partly) human-created. This may translate to other forms of media creation as well. The study is published here and read more about it here.

Stephen Goforth

Adobe’s ‘Firefly’ Joins the Generative AI Fireworks Show

Adobe’s generative AI model Firefly will create a combination of new images, text effects, and video from user descriptions. The program borrows from other Adobe programs: Express, Photoshop, and Illustrator. Similar to DALL-E 2 and Stable Diffusion, Adobe hopes to avoid some of the legal entailments by using its own collection of images as a data set from which the AI is trained (Adobe Stock). The company hasn’t indicated how much it will cost to use Firefly and, for the moment, it remains free and in Beta.  Text-based video editing is also being integrated into Adobe Premiere Pro, 

10 Webinars THIS WEEK about media literacy, AI, investigative journalism, video trends, newsletters, bias, & more

Mon, April 17 – Can Media Literacy Help Us See Through the AI Hype?

What: We will identify the logics and assumptions baked into generative AI tools, and examine the tech ecosystem from which these tools emerge. We will consider: How might we use the core principles of media literacy to help us critically question generative AI technologies—not just the content that they produce, but the tools themselves?

Who: Michelle Ciccone is a second year PhD student in the Department of Communication at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Previously, she was a K-12 technology integration specialist. Michelle is also the co-organizer of the 2023 and 2020 Northeast Media Literacy Conferences.

When: 12 noon, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: Media Education Lab

More Info

 

Tue, April 18 - Media Law Litigation in a Post-Newspaper Future

What: For a century, U.S. courts and policymakers have assumed that a well-funded Fourth Estate would act as a check on abuses of government power, assuring that incursions on fundamental First Amendment rights would not go unchallenged. But with the alarming spread of “news deserts” engulfing the United States, is that assumption still valid? And if not, what – if anything – can replace local newspapers as sentinels over government secrecy and overreach.

Who: - RoNell Andersen Jones – Lee E. Teitelbaum Endowed Chair and Professor of Law, University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law; Affiliated Fellow, Information Society Project, Yale Law School; Lyrissa Barnett Lidsky – Raymond & Miriam Ehrich Chair in U.S. Constitutional Law, University of Florida Levin College of Law; Katie Fallow – Senior Counsel, Knight First Amendment Institute, Columbia University;  Frank D. LoMonte (Moderator), Counsel, CNN; Co-Chair, Free Speech and Free Press Committee, ABA Section of Civil Rights and Social Justice

When: 12 noon, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: The American Bar Association

More Info

 

Tue, April 18 – Top Video Trends: What businesses are creating in 2023

What: In this webinar, we’ll share examples of how businesses are using video to engage their audiences. Then, we’ll walk you through 6 different videos and tips for making them the easy way. You’ll understand the elements that go into creating videos that resonate with your audience. On top of that, you’ll walk away with the skills, confidence, and inspiration to create them yourself. If you’re interested in video but not sure where to start, you’re in the right place. This webinar is for those in HR, operations, marketing, sales, and anyone who wants to use video to communicate.

Who: Sally Sangood, Chief Video Officer, Animoto

When: 2 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: Animoto

More Info

 

Tue, April 18 - The Media Landscape in Israel

What:  We look at the media situation in Israel. How have new and politically biased news outlets affected the public’s trust in the media. How has increased government intervention affected press freedom in the country? And what is the impact of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government restructuring proposals on press freedom and independence in Israel.

Who: Ruth Margalit, contributing writer for the New York Times Magazine and Tel Aviv resident

When: 12 noon, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: Society of Professional Journalists

More Info

Wed, April 19 - Understanding news media bias

What: How the journalistic standards can be applied to confront and avoid bias in news reporting.

Who: Journalists Amethyst J. Davis of the Harvey World Herald and Stephanie Casanova of Signal Cleveland

When: 4 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: News Literacy Project  

More Info

 

Wed, April 19 - Ethical Decisions in News Graphic Images

What: A robust discussion about the use and impact of graphic images in news reporting. The presenter will share noteworthy examples and offers a decision-making checklist.

Who: Eric Wishart, standards & ethics editor, Agence France-Presse.

When: 8 pm, Central

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: The Valley of the Sun chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists

More Info

 

Wed, April 19 - Covering Homelessness 

What: A panel discussion on covering homelessness with respect and sensitivity.

Who: Will Schick, editor-in-chief of Washington, D.C.’s Street Sense Media; Sophie Kasakove, a housing reporter who previously covered housing and climate issues as a fellow on the national desk at the New York Times; Hallie Miller covers city and regional services for the Baltimore Banner who previously worked at The Baltimore Sun.

When: 6 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: Society of Professional Journalists, Region 2

More Info

 

Thu, April 20 - Newsletter Professionals Meetup: Growth, Partnerships and Revenue

What: This is an idea swap for newsletter professionals about growth strategies, marketing, partnerships and revenue. You’ll meet up with others working on newsletter strategy and share ideas in a series of fast-paced breakout discussions. Bring an idea or two to share, and expect to leave with a bunch of new ideas from your peers, plus new professional opportunities, new peers, mentors and colleagues, and inspiration for a collaboration or partnership.   

Who: Melanie Winer  VP of Newsletter Strategy & Operations, Insider, Inc.

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free for members, $25 for non-members

Sponsor: The Online News Association & Inkwell

More Info

 

Thu, April 20 – Learning Investigative Reporting from Veteran Journalists

What: A panel on investigative reporting.

Who: Newsday’s Sandra Peddie who has written two books and News 12’s lead investigator Walt Kane

When: 7 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: Press Club of Long Island

More Info

 

Fri, April 21 – The Future of Local Journalism

What: The challenges facing local media and solutions that connect Americans with independent journalism.

Who: Media pioneer Evan Smith

When: 3:45 pm, Eastern

Where: Zoom

Cost: Free

Sponsor: The University of Virginia's Karsh Institute of Democracy

More Info

Deepfakes Flourish

Deepfake technology — software that allows people to swap faces, voices and other characteristics to create digital forgeries — has been used in recent years to make a synthetic substitute of Elon Musk that shilled a cryptocurrency scam, to digitally “undress”more than 100,000 women on Telegram and to steal millions of dollars from companies by mimicking their executives’ voices on the phone.

In most of the world, the authorities can’t do much about it. Even as the software grows more sophisticated and accessible, few laws exist to manage its spread.

Read more about Deep Fakes in the New York Times

Tuesday Tech Tools: 6 Video Stabilization Options

GoPro Hero 11
This action camera comes with HyperSmooth, software-stabilization now in its fifth iteration from Hero 7 to the present. The iPhone 14 Pro is getting close to being as good—but not yet, when it comes to intense action and extra features. $399 with a subscription.

GorillaPod tripod* 
Joby GripTight PRO. Flexible legs wrap around objects for unlimited angles. From .7 - 11 pounds. Rubber foot grips provide stability on any surface. 

Moment*
Cases, lens, batteries, lights, gimbals, etc. to enhance photos and videos taken with a phone. 

Osmo Mobile 6
A handheld stabilizer that works for smartphones and works in concert with the iPhone 14's Action Mode—a software feature that stabilizes videos. $159.

Shoulderpod S2*
A handle grip for your smartphone to steady your shots. Works with tripods and comes with a wrist strap. Additional accessories available. $50.

SMOVE
This smartphone video stabilizer that doubles as a charger. Portable, fits in your pocket. $200. 

More Tech Tools

Video Stabilization & Teleprompters

Video: Stabilization

GorillaPod tripod* 
Joby GripTight PRO. Flexible legs wrap around objects for unlimited angles. From .7 - 11 pounds. Rubber foot grips provide stability on any surface. 

Moment*
Cases, lens, batteries, lights, gimbals, etc. to enhance photos and videos taken with a phone. 

Shoulderpod S2*
A handle grip for your smartphone to steady your shots. Works with tripods and comes with a wrist strap. Additional accessories available. $50.

SMOVE
This smartphone video stabilizer that doubles as a charger. Portable, fits in your pocket. $200. 

Steadicam Smoothee*
The Smoothee gives you a steady, gliding shot by a balanced weight system that holds your phone on a frictionless ball joint. Simple to use, though the size could interfere with other attachments on you iPhone. $90.

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Video: Teleprompters

CuePrompter
Turns your browser into a television telepromoter.

Parrot*
A teleprompter app for a phone allows the user to read scripts while looking directly into the camera to avoid looking to one side or having to memorize a script. Change the background and the font color. Free.

Video Teleprompter Lite
Video recording teleprompter app using either the front-facing or rear-facing camera. Works on iPhones and iPads as well as Android phones. Free. 

More Tech Tools

8 Video Tools

Amnesty International YouTube DataViewer*
Takes a URL for a video and provides background info.

Awesome Screenshot
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with no extra features that will save up to :30. Free.

DSCO
Pronounced ‘disco’, this app is for GIF creation. Animations up to 2.5 seconds long. Free. Video example.

Ecamm
App that records Skype and Facetime. It lets you convert your calls into MP3 files for podcasting or easily move the video to YouTube and Vimeo. Split the audio tracks after a call for easy editing. $39.95.

InVID
A free Firefox plugin to debunk fake video news and verify videos and images.

Transcriptive
Digital Anarchy’s plugin to create automated transcriptions of video in Premiere Pro. Free Trial. $299.

TubeMogul
Upload your video and TubeMogul will send it to many social media sites at one time-though you'll have to set up accounts with all the sites on your own. Tracks viewership. A part of Adobe's Marketing Cloud.

YouTube Creator Hub
Resources to help create better video content and bigger audiences. An online community for serious YouTube creators.

More Tech Tools

18 Video Recording Tools

BeastCam
Video and photography capture app for iPhone users. Adjust focus, exposure, zoom, and white balance within the app. It recognizes external microphones.. More info here. $4.99.

Camtasia
Screen-recording application that’s adequate for its intended purpose: eLearning videos. Easy to use for quick videos but limited. Can be used for podcasting. Mac & PC. $249.  

Carousel Camera
Record a single video that fits both vertical and horizontal orientations for use on multiple social media platforms. Export in various aspect ratios. Free but some features require a 99 cent purchase.

DoubleTake
Built by the same folks who created Filmic Pro, this app lets you shoot video using two iPhones at the same time. An option lets you easily create a single video using multiple lenses with a split-screen effect. Pick the frame rate, resolution, focus, and exposure. $3.99

Filmic Pro*
Powerful app for videography and photography. Lots of bells and whistles such as in-app stabilization. Quickly switch between color profiles, resolutions, etc. Possibly too much for the average person but great for someone serious about shooting video on a phone. Video explanation here. $14.99.

Hippo Video 
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced features such as changing the resolution, aspect ratio, etc. Free.

HouseParty (formally Meerkat)
Group video chat app where users get a notice that friends are online. Snap Stories are integrated. 

IBM Cloud Video* (formerly Ustream) 
Desktop broadcasting of live video to the world from a computer or iPhone (or watch thousands of shows).  30 day free trial, then monthly plans from $99 to $999 for pros, top subscription $2k and up.

Loom
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced options. No limit on the number of videos you can make. Free. 

Narrative
Wearable camera that takes a photo or video every minute and creates a video at the end of the day (without using the repetitive shots). No work for the wearer. $199.

Nimbus
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder which also allows users to shoot a video with a webcam or take screenshots. Free. 

Quicktime
Use to record video from your webcam and Skype interviews. 

Rock Content (formally Scribble Live)
Live-streaming. Create, curate and publish content to provide real time coverage and storytelling. Fee.

Skyflow
A professional time-lapse video camera app for iOS that lets you pick the playback speed. Choose video resolution and format, motion blur, light trail effects, HDR, etc. Here is a tutorial. Free. 

Skype 
An advantage to using Skype for video conferencing is the ability to record video interviews. Afterward, you open Skype on a desktop and download your video as an .MP4 file. If you just want the audio you can extract it by importing the file into software like Adobe Premiere Pro or the free editing program Audacity.

TechSmith (formally Jing)
A free, easy-to-use screen capture application. Snap a screenshot or record a video, save and share. capture a presentation, lecture, or event. 

TiltShift Video 
Create the tilt-shift effect for photos and video. No in-app camera to shoot video and no sharing options. $3.99.

Webex
Cisco’s video conferencing software. Easy-to-use, nothing to download. Several pricing plans-but not cheap.

More Tech Tools

9 Tools for Video Conferencing & File Transfer

Video: Conferencing

Adobe Connect
Video conferencing.

GoToMeeting
Video conferencing. 14-day free trial. $14-$39 a month subscription. 

Microsoft Teams
An all-in-one tool with video conferencing, chat and other productivity features, intended to do more than Zoom. The best choice if you are already using Microsoft 365 and focused on internal, productivity meetings, There’s a free option.

Mmhmm
Makes video presentations for video conference meetings. Easily superimpose a resizable version of yourself over photos, videos and slides and share a live feed. Fun tools like laser pointers and filters. There is an educational discount. $12 a month.

Zoom
Thanks to the pandemic it has become the go-to video conferencing option. The focus on being a video tool (rather than all the features Teams offers) means it’s likely the best choice if that’s what you want to do. Reliable and better than Teams with a large number of participants (and external meetings in general) where the goal is face-to-face rather than productivity There is a free plan.

Video: File Transfer

pCloud Transfer
Like WeTransfer, quickly transfer files up to 5GB. No account required. Free.

Send Anywhere*
A free file transfer app (iOS and Android) for images, video, audio and text. Share up to 10GB per transfer, Your recipient uses an URL to access and download the files from the cloud.

WeTransfer*
A file transfer service, though Dropbox has more options for the price. WeTransfer is free for individual users, but $12 for companies needing more.

Zamzar
Video and audio file converter.

More Tech Tools

Tuesday Tech Tools: 54 Video Editing Options

Adobe Premiere Pro*
An Adobe professional-level product that has become the industry standard. Easy-to-use interface. Support for 360 VR and other features, but some techniques require additional applications (such as After Effects). $19.99 a month. 

Adobe Premiere Rush
Video editing app using a range of Adobe’s editing software from cropping to creative overlays with animation overlay options. Works with multiple videos. Set the aspect ratio for your video so you can post on any platform. Add thumbnails, schedule postings. Free versions for for Android and iOS. Extra features with paid version. 

Adobe Spark*
See Creative Cloud Express. 

Clipchimp*
Makes simple video with a multi-track timeline. Works within a Chrome browser—which provides some privacy protection. A flexible product for both personal and professional users with many templates, stock audio and video, and sound effects. Not as difficult to learn as professional editing software but there is still a learning curve. It could work as first step toward programs like Adobe Premiere. Extras like picture-in-picture video a plus for educational videos. Free version or $9 a month for more options.

Clips*
This Apple app lets you quickly create social videos. Easily add text, filters, emojis, music, speech-to-text captions, and opaque transition cards to your photos or videos. Intended to be fun, though the menu layout is not entirely intuitive and it does take some time to create. User’s guidehere. Free.

CloudConvert
Converts file types. More than 200 formats for audio, video, documents, images, etc. Free usage up to 25 conversions per day.

Creative Cloud Express*
A single template-focused Adobe app (replacing Adobe Spark) that combines some of the best features from the Creative Cloud Suite for mobile and web. Quickly create everything from social media posts to promotional posters and videos with the easy-to-use drag-and-drop interface. There are soundtracks, themes, and many free photos and fonts. Assets from Photoshop and Illustrator can be utilized. Convert videos to GIFs and documents to PDFs. Great for non-professionals with little video editing experience, but not if you’re a pro looking for a full-featured video editor. Free version or $9.99 a month for more templates, photos and fonts.

Cute Cut*
Easy-to-use and powerful video editor. Add text, voiceover, music and logo. Their YouTube tutorials here. Free.

DaVinci Resolve
Video editing software with remote collaboration tools and cloud-based workflows. Features like a depth map effect, color corrector, and more. Free but the paid version, offers more effects and templates. One-time fee of $305.

Disco Videos 
A way to add cool effects like music and filters to your videos. $3.99. 

DesignLab (no longer available)
Basic video editing tool for social media posts with many templates. Three-day free trial then $9.49 a month. 

Storyluxe
This iOS app will help to create Instagram Stories with many free options. More info here.

Filmmaker Pro - Video Editor*
Video editing program for filmmakers. 19 transition options and 30 filters. Many fonts and animation stickers. Sound effects and a robust number of tools. Free. 

FlexClip
Simple but well-designed presentation-style social media video editor. Good for making quickly produced marketing. A lot like PowerPoint or Movie Maker in design. Stock audio and video with some editing options (like splitting video into two clips) not found in similar apps though videos are limited to 5 minutes. Free. More options with a $9.99 plan.

Final Cut Pro
Apple’s desktop video editing program for Macs. A big step up from iMovie (which is similar) but not the industry standard for professionals that Adobe Premiere has become but still used by many pros. Not compatible with Windows. $300. 

GoPro Quik*
Video editor by GoPro. Easy-to-use. Templated themes, useful filters, royalty-free music, and the ability to add titles and captions. Add up to 200 photos and video clips. Includes square, portrait and landscape settings. Users’ guide here and a dedicated YouTube channel here. Free but some features added with premium account.

Hitfilm
Video editing software aimed at providing a professional editing experience. Change the color balance of video, trim clips, and export in different formats. Steep learning curve for beginners but a familiar feel for those who have used pro editing software. Needs a strong computer processor. Free.

iMovie*
One of the best video-making apps with an intuitive interface. It offers two tracks of video and audio for editing on your phone or laptop. Filters and templates, crop, cut, adjust speed, and add effects to videos. Exports at 30fps only. There is a tutorial here. Free.

iStock video editor*
A Getty Image company, iStock offers not just stock photos but a video editor. There are customizable templates, users can upload their own video, images, music. The video can be downloaded and shared on virtually any platform. Free but a paid account offers royalty-free videos, images, and sound effects.

Inshot
Video & image editing app. Simple-to-use & all-in-one with basic functions: Crop, trim, change the speed, rotate your videos 360°, add filters and music, and more. Free version with intrusive ads $2.99 to remove them and the watermark. 

Kapwing
A browser-based video editor (online only-primarily for social media editing) that gives users the tools to splice combine, trim and cut video clips. Add text, images, subtitles, etc. Missing some basic options like transitions. Easy to get started but some features are hard to find. Download quality good for online, not broadcast. Free version with limitations (but no watermarks) or pro version for $17 a month. 

KineMaster 
Multi-track video editing app for iOS and Android. Lots of powerful tools: Add captions, titles, logos, edit audio and record audio to add video, filters, etc. Easy to get started with a simple interface. Free account with watermark. More info here. $4.99 a month.

Kizoa
A video editing app with outdated looks and design. One-time fee for the features you want. Free version or paid with more features starting about $30. 

Lightworks
Lots of tools for editing videos in the free version, which should satisfy most casual users. No HD option. Paid option starts at $49.99 a year.

LumaFusion*
Advanced multi-track video editor that mimics professional desktop software with 3 video/audio tracks for photos, videos, titles, and graphics. Key-framing, colour adjustment, and support for branded fonts and graphics. iOS only. Tutorials on the YouTube channel. $29.99.

Lumen5
An easy-to-use video creation platform that attempts to turn a limited number of photos and text into video for you. Free.

Magisto
Load your video clips or images, pick a style, then the AI software automatically edits them into a video. Not a video editor that you control (except for a paid plan) but great if you have a bunch of clips you don’t want to edit yourself. You give up editing control for speed. It really depends on whether you like their templates. There’s a free version but $60 a year gets you everything though there is no free trial for the paid version—which it needs. 

Mojo*
A great easy-to-use app for making professional vertical social stories to go on Instagram Stories, Facebook Stories, and Snapchat. Templates and fonts. More info here. Free. Pro version $9.99 a month.

Movavi
Video editing for casual users. Easy-to-use interface. Limited effects. $39.95.

Movie Maker Online
A poorly designed video editor with a confusing layout and intrusive advertising. Works in browsers, no registration required. Free but still not worth it.

MoviePro*
Video recording app that lets you listen live to your sound, includes manual controls for exposure, focus, and white balance. Shoot stills while recording. Has a built-in single-track video editor. Includes a wide range of video resolutions and aspect ratios, adjustable video quality, $9.99.

Online Video Cutter
Video editing tool that can trim videos, crop them, and rotate them. And nothing else. But what it does, it does well. Free or $5 a month for more features. 

PowerDirector 365 
Perhaps the best Android video editor app with special effects. Similar to iMovie in ease of use. Free but $4.33 a month to get professional features such as custom transitions and to remove the watermark. There is a YouTube channel here.

Placeit
Easy-to-use video editing tool with pre-designed video templates. Add music, graphics, animations. There is a cost to downloading the final design. Pay as you go ($9.95) or subscription ($14.95 a month). 

PicPlayPost (Mixcord) 
Video editor that lets users create slideshows, split screens, video collages, etc. adding music, voice, gifs. Best for short videos. Free but the best features come with a subscription such as playing two videos side by side. $6.99 a month.

Preceden (formally Time Glider)
Create web-based timelines using images & videos.

Quik (see GoPro Quick)

Renderforest
A suite of products with many templates. Limited functionality and control. While you can add your own text, photos, and video clips, you can’t easily add clips with just text, No start from scratch option. Free version or $6.99 a month. 

Reduct
Edit the video by editing the text. For instance, you can upload a long interview and the site (using machine learning) will transcribe the speech and tag each word to a visual frame allowing you to quickly generate a highlight reel or other edited videos.

Reel Director
Creates movies and lets you edit on phone similar to iMovie. $2.99.

Rocketium Online Video Creation Suite
Multiple video-related tools including a video editor designed to prep material for social media distribution: Upload clips, add text export. Lots of templates, stock images, fonts, and motion graphics. Easy to import articles and make videos based on the images, headlines, and subheadings. Limited functionality in the free version and videos are limited to three minutes. Paid version starts at $9 and includes transitions and animations but videos limited to 10 minutes. Discounts for students and teachers. 

Shotcut
Most processes are simple but not everything and it has an odd-looking interface. However, it has gained a following thanks to a large selection of audio and video filters so it has become a favorite of editors who want effects. No preview on the filters. Free.

Spark Camera*
Video filming and editing app. Add captions, titles, music and a voiceover. Easy to get started. Aimed at social media influencers. More info here and user guide here. iPhone only. Free.

Steller*
Create photo and video stories on an iPhone with an emphasis on mobile design. Create collections and share on social networks. Free. Sample.

Unfold*
App for iOS or Android for creating vertical montages of videos and photos. 25 free templates, dozens more as in-app purchases. A product of SquareSpace. More info here

Veed
Easy to use templated video editing options for creating social media posts. Use to add captions. Free watermarked version available. $20 monthly.

Video Leap 
An iPhone app with a wide range of high-end functions (such as masking and blending, key framing and chroma key compositing) for creating videos from images, video and text. Tutorials here.

Video Toolbox
Make quick edits to videos. Convert video formats, make thumbnails, add subtitles, add audio, a watermark, or merge video files. Outdated interface and not user-friendly. Lacking preview options. Other apps are likely better options. 

VideoShop 
Excellent for making simple edits, add music and subtitles. More info here. Free. 

Vimeo
Video hosting and editing. 

Vlogit
Editing two-track video, add voiceover. More info here. Free.

VSCO*
Great start-to-finish photo/video app. Easy to use filters and helpful tutorials. Manual controls like focus lock, exposure lock, and white balance. Edit images and share them on social media. IOS. Here is a tutorial. Free version or $19.99 a year for 170 presets. 

Wave.Video
Basic video editor for social media posts with many templates including free music, stock photos, and video extras. Intuitive interface and easy to move into social media. Limited text options. Free version doesn’t allow downloads and videos of no more than 15 seconds. To get more than one minute it’s a whopping $48 a month.

WeVideo*
Semi-professional video editing with a real timeline with precise controls. A great app to help you learn simple video editing. Lots of templates, stock audio and video as well as text-based motion graphics templates. Record your webcam, or screen—or both at the same time (helpful for making tutorial videos). Both iOS and Android. A learning curve that’s not too steep. The free plan is really a demo with a watermark. Best options is unlimited plan ($6.39 a month).

Wondershare
Video editing app. Easy-to-use with standard effects though not the more advanced effects. $59.99.

Tuesday Tech Tools: 12 Tools to create animated videos

Animaker
Tool for making infographic videos with animated characters. Easy to use for beginners. Limited free version or accounts starting at $144 a year.

Animatron
Many video clips to use to create animations along with your own voice. Create animated banner ads, white board videos, and more. Used by some major companies.

Biteable
Animated video maker for social media or making an explainer video. Interface is easy to use and the product looks professional. Prices start at $15 a month.

FlipAnim
Make animated videos easily. Nice interface.

Meograph
3D animation of people from 2D video of people. Video explanation

Moovly
Drag and drop to create video animations. Directly uploads to YouTube. Integrated with Shutterstock. Interface could be better.

Powtoon 
Animated infographics web tool for creating videos. Best for presentations. User-friendly basic cartoon software with plenty of templates and social integrations. No 3D or keyframing. The free version has company branding on it while the expensive pro plans start at $19 a month. 

RenderForest
An online animation maker with many templates. Easy to get started. Aimed at small businesses. Limited control. While you can add your own text, photos, and video clips, you can’t easily add clips with just text, No start from scratch option. A video explanation here. Free or paid accounts with more options starting at $9.99.

Video Scribe
Create animated videos, replicating the popular whiteboard-style tutorial.  7 day free trial. $16.50 a month.

Vyond (formally GoAnimate)
Make animated videos. Many images and videos to use. Free 14-day trial. Subscription plans: $39 a month or $299 each year.

Wideo
Will do some editing for social media video but its primarily for making keyframe-based animations and using premade animations. Simple, user-friendly, so it works for beginners and semi-pros alike though there is a learning curve. Templates, transitions, and illustrations. Storyboard creator and text-to-speech generator. One week trial then $59 a month.

Xtranormal
Create animated movies.

The value of video in news content has its limits

Starting in 2015, many online media companies started “pivoting to video,” gutting their traditional newsrooms and spending large amounts of money to build video journalism operations from scratch. Part of the impetus for that pivot was metrics showing that audiences preferred video to text—metrics provided, in large part, by Facebook. In 2014, Facebook claimed that “Facebook has averaged more than 1 billion video views every day.” Those metrics turned out to be grossly inflated, by as much as 60 to 80 percent. Facebook and the like want more video to run ads in because it allows them to make more money. And by claiming that this is what "readers want," news media could be manipulated into creating more video.

Katharine Trendcosta & Mitch Stoltz writing for EFF

16 Video Recording/Streaming Options

BeastCam
Video and photography capture app for iPhone users. Adjust focus, exposure, zoom, and white balance within the app. It recognizes external microphones.. More info here. $4.99.

Camtasia
Screen-recording application that’s adequate for its intended purpose: eLearning videos. Easy to use for quick videos but limited. Can be used for podcasting. Mac & PC. $249. 

Filmic pro* 
Powerful app for videography and photography. Lots of bells and whistles such as in-app stabilization. Possibly too much for the average person. Video explanation here. $14.99.

Hippo Video 
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced features such as changing the resolution, aspect ratio, etc. Free.

IBM Cloud Video* (formerly Ustream) 
Desktop broadcasting of live video to the world from a computer or iPhone (or watch thousands of shows).  30 day free trial, then monthly plans from $99 to $999 for pros, top subscription $2k and up.

Loom
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced options. No limit on the number of videos you can make. Free. 

Narrative
Wearable camera that takes a photo or video every minute and creates a video at the end of the day (without using the repetitive shots). No work for the wearer. $199.

Nimbus
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder which also allows users to shoot a video with a webcam or take screenshots. Free. 

Quicktime
Use to record video from your webcam and Skype interviews. 

Rock Content (formally Scribble Live)
Live-streaming. Create, curate and publish content to provide real time coverage and storytelling. Fee.

Skyflow
A professional time-lapse video camera app for iOS that lets you pick the playback speed. Choose video resolution and format, motion blur, light trail effects, HDR, etc. Here is a tutorial. Free. 

Skype 
An advantage to using Skype for video conferencing is the ability to record video interviews. Afterward, you open Skype on a desktop and download your video as an .MP4 file. If you just want the audio you can extract it by importing the file into software like Adobe Premiere Pro or the free editing program Audacity.

TechSmith (formally Jing)
A free, easy-to-use screen capture application. Snap a screenshot or record a video, save and share. capture a presentation, lecture, or event. 

TiltShift Video 
Create the tilt-shift effect for photos and video. No in-app camera to shoot video and no sharing options. $3.99.

Webex
Cisco’s video conferencing software. Easy-to-use, nothing to download. Several pricing plans-but not cheap.

More video tools

Tuesday Tech Tools: 47 Video Editing Options

Adobe Premiere Rush
Video editing app using a range of Adobe’s editing software from cropping to creative overlays with animation overlay options. Works with multiple videos. Set the aspect ratio for your video so you can post on any platform. Add thumbnails, schedule postings. Free versions for for Android and iOS. Extra features with paid version. 

Adobe Spark*
See Creative Cloud Express. 

Clipchimp*
Makes simple video with a multi-track timeline. Works within a Chrome browser—which provides some privacy protection. A flexible product for both personal and professional users with many templates, stock audio and video, and sound effects. Not as difficult to learn as professional editing software but there is still a learning curve. It could work as first step toward programs like Adobe Premiere. Extras like picture-in-picture video a plus for educational videos. Free version or $9 a month for more options.

Clips*
This Apple app lets you quickly create social videos. Easily add text, filters, emojis, music, speech-to-text captions, and opaque transition cards to your photos or videos. Intended to be fun, though the menu layout is not entirely intuitive and it does take some time to create. User’s guidehere. Free.

Creative Cloud Express*
A single template-focused Adobe app (replacing Adobe Spark) that combines some of the best features from the Creative Cloud Suite for mobile and web. Quickly create everything from social media posts to promotional posters and videos with the easy-to-use drag-and-drop interface. There are soundtracks, themes, and many free photos and fonts. Assets from Photoshop and Illustrator can be utilized. Convert videos to GIFs and documents to PDFs. Great for non-professionals with little video editing experience, but not if you’re a pro looking for a full-featured video editor. Free version or $9.99 a month for more templates, photos and fonts.

Cute Cut*
Easy-to-use and powerful video editor. Add text, voiceover, music and logo. Their YouTube tutorials here. Free.

Disco Videos 
A way to add cool effects like music and filters to your videos. $3.99. 

DesignLab
Basic video editing tool for social media posts with many templates. Three-day free trial then $9.49 a month. 

Filmmaker Pro - Video Editor*
Video editing program for filmmakers. 19 transition options and 30 filters. Many fonts and animation stickers. Sound effects and a robust number of tools. Free. 

FlexClip
Simple but well-designed presentation-style social media video editor. Good for making quickly produced marketing. A lot like PowerPoint or Movie Maker in design. Stock audio and video with some editing options (like splitting video into two clips) not found in similar apps though videos are limited to 5 minutes. Free. More options with a $9.99 plan.

Final Cut Pro
Apple’s desktop video editing program for Macs. A big step up from iMovie (which is similar) but not the industry standard for professionals that Adobe Premiere has become but still used by many pros. Not compatible with Windows. $300. 

Flixtime (no longer available)
Upload video, pictures and audio for a quick video.

GoPro Quik*
Video editor by GoPro. Easy-to-use. Templated themes, useful filters, royalty-free music, and the ability to add titles and captions. Add up to 200 photos and video clips. Includes square, portrait and landscape settings. Users’ guide here and a dedicated YouTube channel here. Free but some features added with premium account.

Hyperlapse 
Instagram’s timelapse video. No audio option.

iMovie*
One of the best video-making apps, it offers two tracks of video and audio for editing on your phone or laptop. Filters and templates. Exports at 30fps only. There is a tutorial here. Free.

Inshot
Video & image editing app. Simple-to-use & all-in-one with basic functions: Crop, trim, change the speed, rotate your videos 360°, add filters and music, and more. Free version with intrusive ads $2.99 to remove them and the watermark. 

Kapwing
A browser-based video editor (online only-primarily for social media editing) that gives users the tools to splice combine, trim and cut video clips. Add text, images, subtitles, etc. Missing some basic options like transitions. Easy to get started but some features are hard to find. Download quality good for online, not broadcast. Free version with limitations (but no watermarks) or pro version for $17 a month. 

KineMaster 
Multi-track video editing app for iOS and Android. Lots of powerful tools: Add captions, titles, logos, edit audio and record audio to add video, filters, etc. Easy to get started with a simple interface. Free account with watermark. More info here. $4.99 a month.

Kizoa
A video editing app with outdated looks and design. One-time fee for the features you want. Free version or paid with more features starting about $30. 

LumaFusion*
Advanced multi-track video editor that mimics professional desktop software with 3 video/audio tracks for photos, videos, titles, and graphics. Key-framing, colour adjustment, and support for branded fonts and graphics. iOS only. Tutorials on the YouTube channel. $29.99.

Lumen5
An easy-to-use video creation platform that attempts to turn a limited number of photos and text into video for you. Free.

Magisto
Load your video clips or images, pick a style, then the AI software automatically edits them into a video. Not a video editor that you control (except for a paid plan) but great if you have a bunch of clips you don’t want to edit yourself. You give up editing control for speed. It really depends on whether you like their templates. There’s a free version but $60 a year gets you everything though there is no free trial for the paid version—which it needs. 

Mojo*
A great easy-to-use app for making professional vertical social stories to go on Instagram Stories, Facebook Stories, and Snapchat. Templates and fonts. More info here. Free. Pro version $9.99 a month.

Movavi
Video editing for casual users. Easy-to-use interface. Limited effects. $39.95.

Movie Maker Online
A poorly designed video editor. Free but still not worth it. 

MoviePro*
Video recording app that lets you listen live to your sound, includes manual controls for exposure, focus, and white balance. Shoot stills while recording. Has a built-in single-track video editor. Includes a wide range of video resolutions and aspect ratios, adjustable video quality, $9.99.

Online Video Cutter
Video editing tool that can trim videos, crop them, and rotate them. And nothing else. But what it does, it does well. Free or $5 a month for more features. 

PowerDirector 365 
Perhaps the best Android video editor app with special effects. Similar to iMovie in ease of use. Free but $4.33 a month to get professional features such as custom transitions and to remove the watermark. There is a YouTube channel here.

Placeit
Easy-to-use video editing tool with pre-designed video templates. Add music, graphics, animations. There is a cost to downloading the final design. Pay as you go ($9.95) or subscription ($14.95 a month). 

PicPlayPost (Mixcord) 
Video editor that lets users create slideshows, split screens, video collages, etc. adding music, voice, gifs. Best for short videos. Free but the best features come with a subscription such as playing two videos side by side. $6.99 a month.

Preceden (formally Time Glider)
Create web-based timelines using images & videos.

Premiere Pro*
An Adobe professional-level product that has become the industry standard. Easy-to-use interface. Support for 360 VR and other features, but some techniques require additional applications (such as After Effects). $19.99 a month. 

Quik (see GoPro Quick)

Renderforest
A suite of products with many templates. Limited functionality and control. While you can add your own text, photos, and video clips, you can’t easily add clips with just text, No start from scratch option. Free version or $6.99 a month. 

Reduct
Edit the video by editing the text. For instance, you can upload a long interview and the site (using machine learning) will transcribe the speech and tag each word to a visual frame allowing you to quickly generate a highlight reel or other edited videos.

Reel Director
Creates movies and lets you edit on phone similar to iMovie. $2.99.

Rocketium Online Video Creation Suite
Multiple video-related tools including a video editor designed to prep material for social media distribution: Upload clips, add text export. Lots of templates, stock images, fonts, and motion graphics. Easy to import articles and make videos based on the images, headlines, and subheadings. Limited functionality in the free version and videos are limited to three minutes. Paid version starts at $9 and includes transitions and animations but videos limited to 10 minutes. Discounts for students and teachers. 

Spark Camera*
Video filming and editing app. Add captions, titles, music and a voiceover. Easy to get started. Aimed at social media influencers. More info here and user guide here. iPhone only. Free.

SpliceApp (no longer available)
A video editing app that works with music, photos, text or video clips. $3.99.

Steller*
Create photo and video stories on an iPhone with an emphasis on mobile design. Create collections and share on social networks. Free. Sample.

Stroome (no longer available)
Browser-based video editing. 

Unfold*
App for iOS or Android for creating vertical montages of videos and photos. 25 free templates, dozens more as in-app purchases. A product of SquareSpace. More info here

Veed
Easy to use templated video editing options for creating social media posts. Use to add captions. Free watermarked version available. $20 monthly.

Video Leap 
An iPhone app with a wide range of high-end functions (such as masking and blending, key framing and chroma key compositing) for creating videos from images, video and text. Tutorials here.

Video Toolbox
Make quick edits to videos. Convert video formats, make thumbnails, add subtitles, add audio, a watermark, or merge video files. Outdated interface and not user-friendly. Lacking preview options. Other apps are likely better options. 
App for easy photo and video editing on your iPhone. Sort of a stripped-down version of iMovie to make videos with narration and music. Filters, too. Free.

VideoShop 
Excellent for making simple edits, add music and subtitles. More info here. Free. 

Vlogit
Editing two-track video, add voiceover. More info here. Free.

Voddio (no longer available) 
Formally 1st video, this editor app gives you two tracks of video and up to four tracks of audio. No lower-thirds option. Free.

VSCO*
Great start-to-finish photo/video app. Easy to use filters and helpful tutorials. Manual controls like focus lock, exposure lock, and white balance. Edit images and share them on social media. IOS. Here is a tutorial. Free version or $19.99 a year for 170 presets. 

Wave.Video
Basic video editor for social media posts with many templates including free music, stock photos, and video extras. Intuitive interface and easy to move into social media. Limited text options. Free version doesn’t allow downloads and videos of no more than 15 seconds. To get more than one minute it’s a whopping $48 a month.

WeVideo*
Semi-professional video editing with a real timeline with precise controls. A great app to help you learn simple video editing. Lots of templates, stock audio and video as well as text-based motion graphics templates. Record your webcam, or screen—or both at the same time (helpful for making tutorial videos). Both iOS and Android. A learning curve that’s not too steep. The free plan is really a demo with a watermark. Best options is unlimited plan ($6.39 a month).

Wondershare
Video editing app. Easy-to-use with standard effects though not the more advanced effects. $59.99.

More video tools

New Adobe tool for Content Creators

Adobe express logo

Adobe has released a single template-focused app called Creative Cloud Express (replacing Adobe Spark) that combines some of the best features from the Creative Cloud Suite for mobile and web. Quickly create everything from social media posts to promotional posters and videos with an easy-to-use drag-and-drop interface. Drag all sorts of elements into your composition from text, icons, shapes, free photos and fonts, music and other design elements. Assets from Photoshop and Illustrator can be utilized as well. Convert videos to GIFs and documents to PDFs. Great for non-professionals with little video editing experience. However, if you’re a pro, this is not a full-featured video editor.  

Creative Cloud Express includes premium features from: 

  • Adobe Premiere Rush — Shoot, edit, and share videos on mobile and desktop. 
  • Adobe Photoshop Express — Edit and retouch images, create collages, and combine photos. 
  • Adobe Spark Video — Quickly create stunning video slideshows. 
  • Adobe Spark Page — Turn words and images into beautiful web pages.

More on the features here.

Teaching resources from Adobe for Educators here.

While Express is already included in many Creative Cloud subscriptions, there is a free version available or get more templates, photos and fonts with a paid subscription for $9.99 a month (or $99.99 a year) here. Better yet, there is a three-month free trial here. More info on the plans here.

More Tech Tools

59 video tools

Looking for some ways to help you shoot and edit video? Here are 59 available tools.

8mm Vintage Camera
Add retro colors, flickering, and light leaks for a vintage look to your movie. A variety of filters (like 1920, Noir) and a sound projector option. $2.99.

Adobe Connect
Video conferencing.

Adobe Spark*
A wide range of video & photo editing tools with templates and flexibility. Soundtracks and themes. Mostly free. $14.29 a month.

Amnesty International YouTube DataViewer*
Takes a URL for a video and provides background info.

Awesome Screenshot
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with no extra features that will save up to :30. Free

Camtasia
Screen-recording application that’s adequate for its intended purpose: eLearning videos. Easy to use for quick videos but limited. Can be used for podcasting. Mac & PC. $249.

Clips
This Apple app let's you add text, filters, emoji, music, and opaque transition cards to your photos or videos. Intended to be fun, though the menu layout is not entirely intuitive and it does take some time to create. Free.

CuePrompter
Turns your browser into a television telepromoter.

Cute Cut
Easy-to-use video editor. Free.

Disco Videos
A way to add cool effects like music and filters to your videos. $3.99.

DesignLab
Basic video editing tool for social media posts with many templates. Three-day free trial then $9.49 a month.

DSCO
Pronounced ‘disco’, this app is for GIF creation. Animations up to 2.5 seconds long. Free. Video example.

Ecamm
App that records Skype and Facetime. It lets you convert your calls into MP3 files for podcasting or easily move the video to YouTube and Vimeo. Split the audio tracks after a call for easy editing. $39.95.

Final Cut Pro
Video editing program.

Filmic
High definition mobile cam for videography, photography. Lots of bells and whistles probably too much for the average person or even for what a professional journalist would need. $14.99.

Filmmaker Pro - Video Editor*
Video editing program for filmmakers. 19 transition options and 30 filters. Many fonts and animation stickers. Sound effects and a robust number of tools. Free.

GoToMeeting
Video conferencing. 14-day free trial. $14-$39 a month subscription.

Google Hangouts On Air (no longer available)
Live streaming platform and automatic HD video capture.

GorillaPod tripod*
Joby GripTight PRO. Flexible legs wrap around objects for unlimited angles. From .7 - 11 pounds. Rubber foot grips provide stability on any surface.

Hippo Video
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced features such as changing the resolution, aspect ratio, etc. Free.

HouseParty (formally Meerkat)
Group video chat app where users get a notice that friends are online. Snap Stories are integrated.

Hyperlapse
Instagram’s timelapse video. No audio option.

IBM Cloud Video* (formerly Ustream)
Desktop broadcasting of live video to the world from a computer or iPhone (or watch thousands of shows).  30 day free trial, then monthly plans from $99 to $999 for pros, top subscription $2k and up.

iMovie*
One of the best video-making apps, it offers two tracks of video and audio for editing on your phone or laptop. Filters and templates. Free.

Inshot
Video & image editing app. Simple-to-use & all-in-one with basic functions. Free version with ads $2.99 to remove them and the watermark.

InVID
A free Firefox plugin to debunk fake video news and verify videos and images.

Loom
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder with some advanced options. No limit on the number of videos you can make. Free.

LumaFusion*
A multi-track video editor with 3 video/audio tracks for photos, videos, titles, and graphics. $19.99.

Lumen5
An easy-to-use video creation platform that attempts to turn a limited number of photos and text into video for you. Free.

Magistro
Load your video clips or images, pick a style, then the AI software automatically edits them into a video. You give up some editing control for speed. There’s a free version but $60 a year gets you everything.

Meograph
3D animation of people from 2D video of people. Video explanation.

Moment*
Cases, lens, batteries, lights, gimbals, etc. to enhance photos and videos taken with a phone.

Movavi
Video editing for casual users. Easy-to-use interface. Limited effects. $39.95.

MoviePro*
Video recording app that lets you listen live to your sound, includes manual controls for exposure, focus, and white balance. Shoot stills while recording. Has a built-in single-track video editor. Includes a wide range of video resolutions and aspect ratios, adjustable video quality, $9.99.

Narrative
Wearable camera that takes a photo or video every minute and creates a video at the end of the day (without using the repetitive shots). No work for the wearer. $199.

pCloud Transfer
Like WeTransfer, quickly transfer files up to 5GB. No account required. Free.

PowerDirector 365 
Perhaps the best Android video editor app with special effects. Similar to iMovie in ease of use. $4.33 a month.

Nimbus
This Chrome extension is a screen recorder which also allows users to shoot a video with a webcam or take screenshots. Free.

Quik*
Video editor by GoPro. Easy-to-use. Templated themes and useful filters. Add up to 200 photos and video clips. Free.

Quicktime
Use to record video from your webcam and Skype interviews.

Placeit
Easy-to-use video editing tool with pre-designed video templates. Add music, graphics, animations. There is a cost to downloading the final design. Pay as you go ($9.95) or subscription ($14.95 a month).

PickPlayPost (Mixcord)
Video editor that lets users create slideshows, split screens, video collages, etc. adding music, voice, gifs. Best for short videos. Free.

Powtoon
Animated infographics web tool for creating videos. User-friendly. The free version has company branding on it.

Preceden (formally Time Glider)
Create web-based timelines using images & videos.

Premiere Pro*
An Adobe professional-level product that has become the industry standard. Easy-to-use interface. Support for 360 VR and other features, but some techniques require additional applications (such as After Effects). $19.99 a month.

Reduct
Edit the video by editing the text. For instance, you can upload a long interview and the site (using machine learning) will transcribe the speech and tag each word to a visual frame allowing you to quickly generate a highlight reel or other edited videos.

Reel Director
Creates movies and lets you edit on phone similar to iMovie. $2.99.

Rock Content (formally Scribble Live)
Live-streaming. Create, curate and publish content to provide real time coverage and storytelling. Fee.

SMOVE smartphone Video Stabilizer
This smartphone stabilizer that doubles as a charger. Portable, fits in your pocket. $200. 

Steadicam Smoothee*
The Smoothee gives you a steady, gliding shot by a balanced weight system that holds your phone on a frictionless ball joint. Simple to use, though the size could interfere with other attachments on you iPhone. $90.

Steller*
Create photo and video stories on an iPhone with an emphasis on mobile design. Create collections and share on social networks. Free. Sample.

TechSmith (formally Jing)
A free, easy-to-use screen capture application. Snap a screenshot or record a video, save and share. capture a presentation, lecture, or event.

Thnk Link
Make images interactive. Sample.

TiltShift Video
Create the tilt-shift effect for photos and video. No in-app camera to shoot video and no sharing options. $3.99.

Transcriptive
Digital Anarchy’s plugin to create automated transcriptions of video in Premiere Pro. Free Trial. $299.

TubeMogul
Upload your video and TubeMogul will send it to many social media sites at one time-though you'll have to set up accounts with all the sites on your own.  Tracks viewership. A part of Adobe's Marketing Cloud.

Veed
Easy to use templated video editing options for creating social media posts. Use to add captions. Free watermarked version available. $20 monthly.

Video Scribe
Create animated videos, replicating the popular whiteboard-style tutorial.  7 day free trial. $16.50 a month.

VideoShop (no longer available)
Lots of useful features to edit video on phones. $.1.99.

Videolicious*
App for easy photo and video editing on your iPhone. Sort of a stripped-down version of iMovie to make videos with narration and music. Filters, too. Free.

Vimeo
Video hosting and editing. 

VSCO*
Great start-to-finish photo/video app. Easy to use filters and helpful tutorials. Manual controls like focus lock, exposure lock, and white balance. Edit images and share them on social media. IOS. Free version. $19.99 a year for 170 presets.

Vyond (formally GoAnimate)
Make animated videos. Free 14-day trial. Subscription plans: $39 a month or $299 each year.

YouTube Creator Hub
Resources to help create better video content and bigger audiences. An online community for serious YouTube creators.

Wave Video
Video editor for social media posts with many templates including free music and video extras. Intuitive interface. Free with more options for $49 a month.

Webex
Cisco’s video conferencing software. Easy-to-use, nothing to download. Several pricing plans-but not cheap.

WeTransfer*
A file transfer service, though Dropbox has more options for the price. WeTransfer is free for individual users, but $12 for companies needing more.

WeVideo
Collaborative online and mobile video editing.

Wondershare
Video editing app. Easy-to-use with standard effects though not the more advanced effects. $59.99.

Xtranormal
Create animated movies.

Zamzar
Video and audio file converter.

More Tech Tools

Why Video Conferencing is Exhausting

Video chats mean we need to work harder to process non-verbal cues like facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, and body language; paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy. “Our minds are together when our bodies feel we're not. That dissonance, which causes people to have conflicting feelings, is exhausting. You cannot relax into the conversation naturally,” according to Gianpiero Petriglieri.

Silence is another challenge, he adds. “Silence creates a natural rhythm in a real-life conversation. However, when it happens in a video call, you became anxious about the technology.” It also makes people uncomfortable. Even delays of 1.2 seconds made people perceive the responder as less friendly or focused.

An added factor—we are very aware of being watched. You are on stage, so there comes the social pressure and feeling like you need to perform. Being performative is nerve-wracking and more stressful. It’s also very hard for people not to look at their own face if they can see it on screen, or not to be conscious of how they behave in front of the camera.

Read more from the BBC